Supervising an HDR candidate is teaching one person, one-to-one, over several years. Four short lessons on doing it well, then a self-check.
Most supervision problems trace back to mismatched expectations that were never made explicit. The early weeks are when you build a working relationship and agree how it will run.
A thesis is a long project, and candidates rarely arrive knowing how to manage one. Part of supervision is helping them break it down and keep moving.
The aim is an independent researcher, not a well-managed one. Good supervision scaffolds heavily at the start and deliberately withdraws support as the candidate grows.
HDR study can be isolating, and the supervisor holds real power in the relationship. Looking after wellbeing and equity is part of getting candidates through to completion.